2
NORMAL HEALTHY RANGE OF BODY FAT PERCENTAGE
BODY FAT % RANGES FOR BOYS*
Age Low Optimal Moderate High
6 ≤12.4 12.5 -19.5 19.6 - 22.6 ≥22.7
7 ≤12.6 12.7 - 20.4 20.5 - 24.0 ≥24.1
8 ≤12.7 12.8 - 21.3 21.4 - 25.4 ≥25.5
9 ≤12.8 12.9 - 22.2 22.3 - 26.7 ≥26.8
10 ≤12.8 12.9 - 22.8 22.9 - 27.8 ≥27.9
11 ≤12.6 12.7 - 23.0 23.1 - 28.2 ≥28.3
12 ≤12.1 12.2 - 22.7 22.8 - 27.8 ≥27.9
13 ≤11.5 11.6 - 22.0 22.1 - 26.9 ≥27.0
14 ≤10.9 11.0 - 21.3 21.4 - 25.8 ≥25.9
15 ≤10.4 10.5 - 20.7 20.8 - 24.9 ≥25.0
16 ≤10.1 10.2 - 20.3 20.4 - 24.2 ≥24.3
17 ≤9.8 9.9 - 20.1 20.2 - 23.8 ≥23.9
18 ≤9.6 9.7 - 20.1 20.2 - 23.5 ≥23.6
BODY FAT % RANGES FOR GIRLS*
Age Low Optimal Moderate High
6 ≤14.4 14.5 - 23.0 23.1 - 26.1 ≥26.2
7 ≤14.9 15.0 - 24.5 24.6 - 27.9 ≥28.0
8 ≤15.3 15.4 - 26.0 26.1 - 29.6 ≥29.7
9 ≤15.7 15.8 - 27.2 27.3 - 31.1 ≥31.2
10 ≤16.0 16.1 - 28.2 28.3 - 32.1 ≥32.2
11 ≤16.1 16.2 - 28.8 28.9 - 32.7 ≥32.8
12 ≤16.1 16.2 - 29.1 29.2 - 33.0 ≥33.1
13 ≤16.1 16.2 - 29.4 29.5 - 33.2 ≥33.3
14 ≤16.0 16.1 - 29.6 29.7 - 33.5 ≥33.6
15 ≤15.7 15.8 - 29.9 30.0 - 33.7 ≥33.8
16 ≤15.5 15.6 - 30.1 30.2 - 34.0 ≥34.1
17 ≤15.1 15.2 - 30.1 30.2 - 34.3 ≥34.4
18 ≤14.7 14.8 - 30.8 30.9 - 34.7 ≥34.8
BODY FAT % RANGES FOR MEN**
Age Low Optimal Moderate High
19 - 39 ≤8 8.1 - 19.9 20 - 24.9 ≥25
40 - 59 ≤11 11.1 - 21.9 22 - 27.9 ≥28
60+ ≤13 13.1 - 24.9 25 - 29.9 ≥30
BODY FAT % RANGES FOR WOMEN**
Age Low Optimal Moderate High
19 - 39 ≤21 21.1 - 32.9 33 - 38.9 ≥39
40 - 59 ≤23 23.1 - 33.9 34 - 39.9 ≥40
60+ ≤24 24.1 - 35.9 36 - 41.9 ≥42
*Source: Derived from; HD McCarthy, TJ Cole, T Fry, SA Jebb and AM Prentice: “Body fat reference curves for
children”. International Journal of Obesity (2006) 30, 598–602.
**Source: Derived from; Dympna Gallagher, Steven B Heymsfield, Moonseong Heo, Susan A Jebb, Peter
R Murgatroyd, and Yoichi Sakamoto: “Healthy percentage body fat ranges: an approach for developing
guidelines based on body mass index1–3”. Am J Clin Nutr 2000;72:694–701.
The Body Fat % ranges published are for guidance only. Professional medical guidance should always be
sought before embarking on diet and exercise programs.
BODY WATER -WHY MEASURE IT? Body water is the single most important
component of body weight. It represents over half of your total weight and almost
two thirds of your lean body mass (predominantly muscle). Water performs a number
of important roles in the body:
All the cells in the body, whether in the skin, glands, muscles, brain or anywhere
else, can only function properly if they have enough water. Water also plays a vital
part in regulating the body’s temperature balance, particularly through perspiration.
The combination of your weight and fat measurement could appear to be ‘normal’ but
your body hydration level could be insucient for healthy living.
NORMAL HEALTHY RANGE OF BODYWATER PERCENTAGE
BODY WATER CHART***
BF % Range Optimal BW % Range
Men
4 to 14% 70 to 63%
15 to 21% 63 to 57%
22 to 24% 57 to 55%
25 and over 55 to 37%
Women
4 to 20% 70 to 58%
21 to 29% 58 to 52 %
30 to 32 % 52 to 49%
33 and over 49 to 37%
***Source: Derived from Wang & Deurenberg: “Hydration of fat-free body mass”. American Journal Clin Nutr
1999, 69 833-841.
Body water measurement results are influenced by the proportion of body fat and
muscle. If the proportion of body fat is high, or the proportion of muscle is low
then the body water results will tend to be low. It is important to remember that
measurements such as body weight, body fat and body water are tools for you to use
as part of your healthy lifestyle. As short term fluctuations are normal, we suggest
you chart your progress over time, rather than focus on a single days reading.
The Body Water % ranges published are for guidance only. Professional medical
guidance should always be
sought before embarking
on diet and exercise
programmes.
WHAT DOES MY BMI VALUE
MEAN?
Body Mass Index (BMI) is an
index of weight-for-height
that is commonly used
to classify underweight,
overweight and obesity in
adults. This scale calculates
your BMI value for you. The
BMI categories shown in
the chart and table below
are recognised by the WHO
(World Health Organisation)
and can be used to interpret your BMI value.
Your BMI category can be identified using the table below.
BMI Category BMI Value Meaning Health Risk Based Solely On BMI
< 18.5 Underweightt Moderate
18.6-24.9 Normal Low
25-29.9 Overweight Moderate
30+ Obese High
IMPORTANT: If the chart/table shows that you are outside of a ‘normal’ healthy
weight range, consult your doctor before taking any action. BMI classifications are for
adults (age 20+ years) only.
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
How exactly is my body fat and water being measured?
This Salter Scale uses a measurement method known as Bioelectrical Impedance
Analysis (BIA). A minute current is sent through your body, via your feet and legs.
This current flows easily through the lean muscular tissue, which has a high fluid
content, but not easily through fat. Therefore, by measuring your body’s impedance
(i.e. its resistance to the current), the quantity of muscle can be determined. From
this, the quantity of fat and water can then be estimated.
What is the value of the current passing through me when the measurement is
taken? Is it safe?
The current is less than 1mA, which is tiny and perfectly safe. You will not be able
to feel it. Please note however, that this device should not be used by anyone with
an internal electronic medical device, such as a pacemaker, as a precaution against
disruption to that device.
If I measure my body fat and water at dierent times during the day, it can
vary quite considerably. Which value is correct?
Your body fat percentage reading varies with body water content, and the latter
changes throughout the course of the day. There is no right or wrong time of the day
to take a reading, but aim to take measurements at a regular time when you consider
your body to be normally hydrated. Avoid taking readings after having a bath or
sauna, following intensive exercise, or within 1-2 hours of drinking in quantity or
eating a meal.
My friend has a Body Fat Analyser made by another manufacturer.
When I used it I found that I got a dierent body fat reading. Why is this?
Dierent Body Fat Analysers take measurements around dierent parts of the body
and use dierent mathematic algorithms to calculate the percentage of body fat.
The best advice is to not make comparisons from one device to another, but to use
the same device each time to monitor any change.
6’6
6’4
6’2
6
5’10
5’8
5’6
5’4
5’2
5
4’10
2.00
1.88
1.68
1.52
1.76
1.96
1.84
1.64
1.48
1.92
1.72
1.56
1.80
1.60
6 10
40 50 60 70 80 90 100 130110 140120 150
20 2515
ft
st
kg
m
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